حيدرعبد النبي طولي. The administration uses the judge to apply the penalty for example: Iraq, Egypt, France (a comparative legal study). MIsan Journal of Comparative Legal Studies [Internet]. 2022 Dec. 5 [cited 2024 Apr. 25];1(7):227-50. Available from: https://www.uomisan.edu.iq/law/mjcls/index.php/mjcls/article/view/130